High-performance fibre battery with polymer gel electrolyte.

Replacement of liquid electrolytes with polymer gel electrolytes is recognized as a general and effective way of solving safety problems and achieving high flexibility in wearable batteries1-6. However, the poor interface between polymer gel electrolyte and electrode, caused by insufficient wetting, produces much poorer electrochemical properties, especially during the deformation of the battery7-9. Here we report a strategy for designing channel structures in electrodes to incorporate polymer gel electrolytes and to form intimate and stable interfaces for high-performance wearable batteries. As a demonstration, multiple electrode fibres were rotated together to form aligned channels, while the surface of each electrode fibre was designed with networked channels. The monomer solution was effectively infiltrated first along the aligned channels and then into the networked channels. The monomers were then polymerized to produce a gel electrolyte and form intimate and stable interfaces with the electrodes. The resulting fibre lithium-ion battery (FLB) showed high electrochemical performances (for example, an energy density of about 128 Wh kg-1). This strategy also enabled the production of FLBs with a high rate of 3,600 m h-1 per winding unit. The continuous FLBs were woven into a 50 cm × 30 cm textile to provide an output capacity of 2,975 mAh. The FLB textiles worked safely under extreme conditions, such as temperatures of -40 °C and 80 °C and a vacuum of -0.08 MPa. The FLBs show promise for applications in firefighting and space exploration.

Development and Validation of Knowledge Assessment Scales for Dementia and Urinary Incontinence in Community Older People.

To develop and validate scales for reliably assessing dementia and urinary incontinence knowledge of older adults in the community. Items were generated through a literature review, refined through a Delphi study (n = 19), and then revised through a pilot study (n = 29). Item analysis and exploratory factor analysis were applied to finalize the scales (n = 244). Construct validity, reliability, and acceptability were evaluated (n = 243). The two knowledge assessment scales for dementia and urinary incontinence, respectively, comprised 12 items and 8 items. Model fit indicators of both met the criteria of confirmatory factor analysis. Cronbach's α were .82 and .70, respectively. Completion ratio and completion time of the two scales was 83.51% and 4.22 ± 1.90 minutes. The knowledge assessment scales for dementia and urinary incontinence with satisfactory validity, reliability, and acceptability, could be served as valid tools for disease prevention and management among older adults in the community.

Construction of chitosan-gelatin polysaccharide-protein composite hydrogel via mechanical stretching and its biocompatibility in vivo.

Natural polysaccharides and protein macromolecules are the important components of extracellular matrix (ECM), but individual component generally exhibits weak mechanical property, limited biological function or strong immunogenicity in tissue engineering. Herein, gelatin (Gel) was deposited to the stretched (65 %) chitosan (CS) hydrogel substrates to fabricate the polysaccharide-protein CS-Gel-65 % composite hydrogels to mimic the natural component of ECM and improve the above deficiencies. CS hydrogel substrates under different stretching deformations exhibited tunable morphology, chemical property and wettability, having a vital influence on the secondary structures of deposited fibrous Gel protein, namely appearing with the decreased ß-sheet content in stretched CS hydrogel. Gel also produced a more homogenous distribution on the stretched CS hydrogel substrate due to the unfolding of Gel and increased interactions between Gel and CS than on the unstretched substrate. Moreover, the polysaccharide-protein composite hydrogel possessed enhanced mechanical property and oriented structure via stretching-drying method. Besides, in vivo subcutaneous implantation indicated that the CS-Gel-65 % composite hydrogel showed lower immunogenicity, thinner fibrous capsule, better angiogenesis effect and increased M2/M1 of macrophage phenotype. Polysaccharide-protein CS-Gel-65 % composite hydrogel offers a novel material as a tissue engineering scaffold, which could promote angiogenesis and build a good immune microenvironment for the damaged tissue repair.

Effect of jujube pulp on acid- and rennet-induced coagulation properties of milk.

Milk coagulation is an important step in the production of fermented dairy products such as yogurt and cheese. Jujube is gaining popularity and acceptance as a food ingredient. In China, jujube yogurt is popular among consumers. However, there is limited information on the effect of jujube on acid- and rennet-induced coagulation properties of milk. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of jujube pulp at different concentrations on acid- and rennet-induced coagulation kinetics of milk, and the microstructure of acid- and rennet-induced gels. During acid-induced coagulation, with increasing jujube pulp concentration, the initial pH value decreased; however, the final pH value increased. The initial elasticity index (EI) value increased, and the time point at which the mean square displacement curves lost the linear trend advanced. The sample with 10% jujube pulp had the densest structure and highest EI value. During rennet-induced coagulation, with increasing jujube pulp concentration, the production rate and amount of caseinomacropeptide decreased, and the final EI value increased. Protein aggregates in rennet-induced gels became rough, and the sample with 20% jujube pulp had the highest EI value. This study provides a new perspective and understanding of the application of jujube in fermented dairy products.

The influence of low-temperature resistant lactic acid bacteria on the enhancement of quality and the microbial community in winter Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) silage on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.), an emerging "food and fodder" economic crop on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. To tackle problems such as incomplete fermentation and nutrient loss occurring during the low-temperature ensilage of Jerusalem Artichokes in the plateau's winter, this study inoculated two strains of low-temperature resistant lactic acid bacteria, Lactobacillus plantarum (GN02) and Lactobacillus brevis (XN25), along with their mixed components, into Jerusalem Artichoke silage material. We investigated how low-temperature resistant lactic acid bacteria enhance the quality of low-temperature silage fermentation for Jerusalem Artichokes and clarify its mutual feedback effect with microorganisms. Results indicated that inoculating low-temperature resistant lactic acid bacteria significantly reduces the potential of hydrogen and water-soluble carbohydrates content of silage, while increasing lactic acid and acetic acid levels, reducing propionic acid, and preserving additional dry matter. Inoculating the L. plantarum group during fermentation lowers pH and propionic acid levels, increases lactic acid content, and maintains a dry matter content similar to the original material. Bacterial community diversity exhibited more pronounced changes than fungal diversity, with inoculation having a minor effect on fungal community diversity. Within the bacteria, Lactobacillus remains consistently abundant (>85%) in the inoculated L. plantarum group. At the fungal phylum and genus levels, no significant changes were observed following fermentation, and dominant fungal genera in all groups did not differ significantly from those in the raw material. L. plantarum exhibited a positive correlation with lactic acid and negative correlations with pH and propionic acid. In summary, the inoculation of L. plantarum GN02 facilitated the fermentation process, preserved an acidic silage environment, and ensured high fermentation quality; it is a suitable inoculant for low-temperature silage in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

[Genetic analysis of a family with epilepsy accompanied by developmental delay and brain deformity due to a de novo variant of TUBB2A gene].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical manifestations and pathogenic variant in a family with epilepsy, developmental delay and brain deformity. METHODS: Clinical data of the child and his family members who had visited the Department of Pediatrics, Linyi People's Hospital on July 2, 2022 were collected. The child, his sister and parents were subjected to high-throughput sequencing, and the result was verified by Sanger sequencing. RESULTS: The child was a 6-year-old boy with developmentally delay and had epileptic seizures with fever sensitivity for four years. Cranial imaging showed brain dysplasia, while the video electroencephalogram showed abnormal discharge. High-throughput sequencing showed the child has harbored a heterozygous c.5G>T (p.Arg2Leu) variant of TUBB2A gene, which was unreported previously. His sister also carried the variant and had similar clinical manifestations, whilst his parents were of the wild-type and had normal clinical phenotypes. Based on the guidelines from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG), the variant was classified as pathogenic (PS2+PM2_Supporting+PM5+PP1+PP2+PP3). CONCLUSION: The heterozygous c.5G>T (p.Arg2Leu) variant of the TUBB2A gene, in the form of gonadal mosaicism, probably underlay the disorders in this family.

A rechargeable calcium-oxygen battery that operates at room temperature.

Calcium-oxygen (Ca-O2) batteries can theoretically afford high capacity by the reduction of O2 to calcium oxide compounds (CaOx) at low cost1-5. Yet, a rechargeable Ca-O2 battery that operates at room temperature has not been achieved because the CaOx/O2 chemistry typically involves inert discharge products and few electrolytes can accommodate both a highly reductive Ca metal anode and O2. Here we report a Ca-O2 battery that is rechargeable for 700 cycles at room temperature. Our battery relies on a highly reversible two-electron redox to form chemically reactive calcium peroxide (CaO2) as the discharge product. Using a durable ionic liquid-based electrolyte, this two-electron reaction is enabled by the facilitated Ca plating-stripping in the Ca metal anode at room temperature and improved CaO2/O2 redox in the air cathode. We show the proposed Ca-O2 battery is stable in air and can be made into flexible fibres that are weaved into textile batteries for next-generation wearable systems.

Increasing the Amounts of Bioactive Components in American Ginseng (Panax quinquefolium L.) Leaves Using Far-Infrared Irradiation.

Both the roots and leaves of American ginseng contain ginsenosides and polyphenols. The impact of thermal processing on enhancing the biological activities of the root by altering its component composition has been widely reported. However, the effects of far-infrared irradiation (FIR), an efficient heat treatment method, on the bioactive components of the leaves remain to be elucidated. In the present study, we investigated the effects of FIR heat treatment between 160 and 200 °C on the deglycosylation and dehydration rates of the bioactive components in American ginseng leaves. As the temperature was increased, the amounts of common ginsenosides decreased while those of rare ginsenosides increased. After FIR heat treatment of American ginseng leaves at an optimal 190 °C, the highest total polyphenolic content and kaempferol content were detected, the antioxidant activity was significantly enhanced, and the amounts of the rare ginsenosides F4, Rg6, Rh4, Rk3, Rk1, Rg3, and Rg5 were 41, 5, 37, 64, 222, 17, and 266 times higher than those in untreated leaves, respectively. Moreover, the radical scavenging rates for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and the reducing power of the treated leaf extracts were 2.17, 1.86, and 1.77 times higher, respectively. Hence, FIR heat treatment at 190 °C is an efficient method for producing beneficial bioactive components from American ginseng leaves.

Epidemiological study of pediatric rheumatic heart disease: An analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

BACKGROUND: Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is the most common acquired heart disease among children in developing countries. However, there is a lack of systematic studies on the epidemiology of pediatric RHD. This study aimed to report the burden of pediatric RHD at global, regional, and national levels between 1990 and 2019, which may provide some reference for policymakers. METHODS: The numbers and age-standardized rates (ASRs) of incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for childhood RHD from 1990 to 2019 were analyzed based on data obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (GBD 2019). In addition, Joinpoint regression analysis was used to assess temporal trends in the burden of childhood RHD. RESULTS: Globally, the number of incidence and prevalence cases of RHD in children increased by 41.89% and 40.88%, respectively, from 1990 to 2019. Age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) increased with an average annual percentage change (AAPC) of 0.75% and 0.66%, respectively. In contrast, the age-standardized DALY rate and age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) decreased significantly since 1990 by an AAPC of -3.47% and - 2.65%, respectively. Girls had a significantly higher burden of RHD than boys during the study period. At the age level, the RHD burden was significantly highest in the age group of 10-14 years. Moreover, the ASRs of incidence, prevalence, mortality, and DALYs were negatively associated with sociodemographic index (SDI). Nationally, Fiji had the most significant increase in incidence and prevalence, and Philippines had the most remarkable rise in DALYs and mortality rates. CONCLUSION: From 1990 to 2019, although the incidence and prevalence of childhood RHD increased globally, DALYs and mortality rates markedly reduced. Countries with lower levels of sociodemographic development shoulder a higher burden of childhood RHD. Children aged 10-14 years are critical populations for whom targeted measures are needed to reduce the RHD burden, while attention to girls cannot be neglected.

Physiological and transcriptomic analysis reveals the toxic and protective mechanisms of marine microalga Chlorella pyrenoidosa in response to TiO2 nanoparticles and UV-B radiation.

Concerns have been raised regarding the adverse effects of nanoparticles (NPs) on marine organisms, as an increasing number of NPs inevitably enter the marine environment with the development of nanotechnology. Owing to the photocatalytic properties, TiO2 NPs' toxicity may be aggravated by enhanced UV-B resulting from stratospheric ozone depletion. However, the molecular mechanisms of phytoplankton in response to TiO2 NPs under UV-B remains poorly understood. In this study, we integrated whole transcriptome analysis with physiological data to provide understanding on the toxic and protective mechanisms of marine Chlorella pyrenoidosa in response to TiO2 NPs under UV-B. The results indicated that the changes in gene expression could be related to the growth inhibition and TiO2 NP internalization in C. pyrenoidosa, and several molecular mechanisms were identified as toxicity response to TiO2 NPs and UV-B. Differential expression of genes involved in glycerophospholipids metabolism indicated that cell membrane disruption allowed TiO2 NPs to enter the algal cell under UV-B exposure, although the up-regulation of genes involved in the general secretory dependent pathway and the ATP-binding cassette transporter family drove cellular secretion of extracellular polymeric substances, acting as a barrier that prevent TiO2 NP internalization. The absence of changes in gene expression related to the antioxidant system may be responsible for the severe oxidative stress observed in algal cells following exposure to TiO2 NPs under UV-B irradiation. Moreover, differential expression of genes involved in pathways such as photosynthesis and energy metabolism were up-regulated, including the light-harvesting, photosynthetic electron transport coupled to photophosphorylation, carbon fixation, glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation, indicating that more energy and metabolites were supplied to cope with the toxicity of TiO2 NPs and UV-B. The obtained results provide valuable information on the molecular mechanisms of response of marine phytoplankton exposed to TiO2 NPs and UV-B.

A Fiber Sensor for Long-Term Monitoring of Extracellular Potassium Ion Fluctuations in Chronic Neuropsychiatric Diseases.

The extracellular potassium ion concentration in the brain exerts a significant influence on cellular excitability and intercellular communication. Perturbations in the extracellular potassium ion level are closely correlated with various chronic neuropsychiatric disorders including depression. However, a critical gap persists in performing real-time and long-term monitoring of extracellular potassium ions, which is necessary for comprehensive profiling of chronic neuropsychiatric diseases. Here, a fiber potassium ion sensor (FKS) that consists of a soft conductive fiber with a rough surface and a hydrophobic-treated transduction layer interfaced with a potassium ion-selective membrane is found to solve this problem. The FKS demonstrates stable interfaces between its distinct functional layers in an aqueous environment, conferring an exceptional stability of 6 months in vivo, in stark contrast to previous reports with working durations from hours to days. Upon implantation into the mouse brain, the FKS enables effective monitoring of extracellular potassium ion dynamics under diverse physiological states including anesthesia, forced swimming, and tail suspension. Using this FKS, tracking of extracellular potassium ion fluctuations that align with behaviors associated with the progression of depression over months is achieved, demonstrating its usability in studying chronic neuropsychiatric disorders from a new biochemical perspective.

Effect of storage time of paraffin sections on the expression of PD-L1 (SP142) in invasive breast cancer.

BACKGROUND: PD-L1 staining using long-stored paraffin sections may not be consistent with the true PD-L1 expression of patients. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the expression of PD-L1(SP142) in paraffin sections of invasive breast cancer with different storage times and the optimal storage temperature for unstained paraffin sections. METHODS: The study included 71 cases of PD-L1(SP142) positive breast cancer. The unstained paraffin sections were stored at room temperature conditions (20-25 °C), 4 °C, -20 °C and - 80 °C, respectively. PD-L1 staining was performed at 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 12 and 24 weeks of storage. PD-L1 expression was assessed with a continuity score. RESULTS: The PD-L1 antigen was gradually lost as the storage time of paraffin sections increased. The PD-L1 positivity rate was 97.18% at 1 week for the sections stored at room temperature, and decreased from 83.10 to 71.83% for the sections stored for 2 weeks to 4 weeks, and 61.97%, 54.93%, and 32.93% for 8, 12, and 24 weeks, respectively. When stored at low temperatures of 4 °C, -20 °C and - 80 °C, the positivity rate decreases with the same trend but more slowly compared to room temperature. The mean IC score of PD-L1 also showed a gradual decrease in all cases. In the consistency analysis, PD-L1 expression in slices stored at room temperature for 2 weeks was consistent with PD-L1 expression in fresh slices (ICC ≥ 0.9 for all slices), and PD-L1 expression in slices stored at 4 °C or -20 °C for 4 weeks was consistent with PD-L1 expression in fresh slices (ICC ≥ 0.9 for all slices). When stored under refrigeration at -80 °C, PD-L1 expression in slices stored for 3 weeks was consistent with that in fresh slices (ICC ≥ 0.9). CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is the first article on the effect of preservation time and preservation temperature of paraffin sections on PD-L1 expression in breast cancer. Long-term storage of paraffin sections of unstained invasive breast cancer can lead to antigen loss of PD-L1 (SP142). Refrigerated storage of paraffin sections can delay antigen loss, with best results at 4 °C or -20 °C, and a storage time of no more than 4 weeks is recommended.

The hidden risk of microplastic-associated pathogens in aquatic environments.

Increasing studies of plastisphere have raised public concern about microplastics (MPs) as vectors for pathogens, especially in aquatic environments. However, the extent to which pathogens affect human health through MPs remains unclear, as controversies persist regarding the distinct pathogen colonization on MPs as well as the transmission routes and infection probability of MP-associated pathogens from water to humans. In this review, we critically discuss whether and how pathogens approach humans via MPs, shedding light on the potential health risks involved. Drawing on cutting-edge multidisciplinary research, we show that some MPs may facilitate the growth and long-range transmission of specific pathogens in aquatic environments, ultimately increasing the risk of infection in humans. We identify MP- and pathogen-rich settings, such as wastewater treatment plants, aquaculture farms, and swimming pools, as possible sites for human exposure to MP-associated pathogens. This review emphasizes the need for further research and targeted interventions to better understand and mitigate the potential health risks associated with MP-mediated pathogen transmission.

Characterization of key aroma compounds in Chinese smoked duck by SAFE-GC-O-MS and aroma-recombination experiments.

Smoked duck is a popular meat product in China. The aroma profile and key aroma compounds in smoked ducks were elucidated using solvent-assisted flavor evaporation-gas chromatography-olfactometry-mass spectrometry (SAFE-GC-O-MS), odor activity values (OAVs), aroma recombination and omission experiments, and sensory evaluation. The results indicated that the predominant aroma profiles of rice-, tea oil- and sugarcane-smoked ducks all contained strong smoky, roasty, fatty, meaty, and grassy aromas. A total of 31 aroma compounds were identified as important odorants by OAVs, including 8 aldehydes, 6 pyrazines, 5 phenols, and 2 sulfur compounds. The aroma recombination and omission experiments confirmed that 13 odorants were key aroma compounds in smoked ducks. Of these odorants, 2-methoxyphenol, 4-methylphenol, 5-ethyl-2,3-dimethylpyrazine, methional, 2-methyl-3-furanthiol, (E, E)-2,4-decadienal, 1-octen-3-ol, and anethole significantly contributed to the aroma profile of smoked duck flavor (p < 0.01).

Effect of general anaesthesia with remimazolam versus propofol on postoperative quality of recovery in patients undergoing ambulatory arthroscopic meniscus repair: a randomised clinical trial.

Background: The type of anaesthesia and choice of anaesthetic drugs may affect the quality of recovery after surgery. Remimazolam is a new benzodiazepine with rapid onset and offset, specifically antagonised by flumazenil. This study aimed to compare remimazolam with propofol on the quality of recovery in patients undergoing ambulatory arthroscopic surgery. Methods: Patients aged 18-65 yr and scheduled for ambulatory arthroscopic meniscus repair were recruited and randomly assigned to receive either continuous i.v. infusion of remimazolam or plasma target-controlled infusion of propofol. The quality of recovery-15 (QoR-15) scale was administered on postoperative day 1 (POD1) as the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes included the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) scores and cardiovascular variables. Results: In total, 120 patients were randomly assigned to the remimazolam or propofol groups and 114 patients were included in the analysis. The remimazolam group had higher total QoR-15 scores on POD1 (125 [120-127.5] vs 121.5 [119-124], with a median difference of 3 (95% confidence interval: 1-5; P=0.002). Physical independence and psychological support were higher in the remimazolam group (8.5 [8-10] vs 8 [7-9], P=0.043; 17 [13-17] vs 12.5 [12-14], P<0.001). Remimazolam lowered the number of awakenings during the first postoperative night (P=0.042) and the incidence of hypotension (P=0.04). Conclusions: Remimazolam-based total i.v. anaesthesia was associated with small improvements in the quality of recovery; however, the improvement was less than the minimally clinically important difference. Clinical trial registration: ChiCTR2100053014.

Helical insertion of polyphenylene chains into confined cylindrical slits composed of two carbon nanotubes.

The helical insertion behavior of poly(para-phenylene) (PP) chains into confined cylindrical slits constructed by two carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with different diameters is studied by molecular dynamics simulations. The contribution of system energy and each energy component to helical self-assembly is discussed to further explain the conditions, driving force and mechanism. The width and length of the slit, the diameter of the outer tube and the temperature have a great impact on the helical insertion of PP chains. Two equations are proposed to confirm the diameter and the distances between the PP helix and the inner and outer walls of the given CNTs. The helical self-assembly of PP with different numbers of chains inserted into the slits is further studied. This study has a great benefit in understanding the conformational behavior of polymers, even biological macromolecules in confinements.

Metabolomics analysis of quality components metabolism during the growth process of pepino (Solanum muricatum) fruit.

Pepino (Solanum muricatum), a horticultural crop that has experienced significant growth in the highlands of China over the past two decades, is widely embraced by consumers due to its distinctive taste and nutritional advantages. This study focused on the cultivar 'Qingcanxiang' of pepino grown on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau was analyzed using UPLC-QTOF-MS and RNA-seq transcriptome sequencing. Fruit samples were collected at three distinct stages of development, and the results of the metabolomics and transcriptomics were compared and correlated. The study's findings indicate that the 'Qingcanxiang' fruit contained a total of 187 metabolites, comprising 12 distinct categories of compounds, including amino acids and their derivatives, organic acids, sugars and alcohols, phenols and phenolic acids. Of these metabolites, 94 were identified as differential. Significant variations in nutrient composition were observed across the three growth stages of the fruit. Specifically, the stage spanning from the growth to the maturation was identified as the critical stages for nutrient accumulation and flavor development. Transcriptome sequencing analysis revealed a set of highly associated genes between aspartate and quinic acid, namely SIR2, IRAK4, RP-L29, and CCNH. These genes are potentially involved in the regulation of both amino acid and phenolic acid synthesis. Through the application of metabolomics and transcriptomics, this investigation elucidates the alterations in metabolites and the underlying molecular regulatory mechanisms of pepino fruits during three growth stages. The findings furnish a theoretical foundation for the evaluation of nutritional quality and the enhancement of breeding strategies for pepino.

Bioinformatics analysis of immune cell infiltration patterns and potential diagnostic markers in atherosclerosis.

This study aimed to investigate efficient diagnostic markers and molecular mechanisms of atherosclerosis and to analyze the role of immune infiltration through bioinformatics analysis. Expression profile datasets (GSE28829 and GSE43292) of patients with atherosclerosis and healthy controls were downloaded from the GEO database. Glutamine (GLN) metabolism-associated genes were obtained from the Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB). The limma package in R was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Significant modules were filtered using Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA). MSigDB sets were subjected to Gene Set Enrichment Analysis and Gene Set Variation Analysis. The biological functions of DEGs were examined using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses. STRING and Cytoscape software were used to identify hub genes and functional modules through protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. The xCell software was adopted to assess the composition patterns of immune and stromal cells. Correlation analyses were performed for key genes and immune cell subtypes. We identified 308 DEGs and GLN-associated genes. Functional enrichment analysis showed that these genes were strongly enriched in muscle contract, muscle tissue development, cutile fiber, mycobacterial, and actin binding. Enriched KEGG pathways comprised dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and the cAMP signaling pathway. In the PPI network analysis, 27 genes were identified as hub genes. The area under the curve (AUC) values of 27 biomarkers were relatively high, indicating high diagnostic values. The atherosclerosis group exhibited a markedly higher degree of infiltration than the control group. This study identified 27 GLN-associated genes as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of atherosclerosis. It provides a new perspective on immune responses that facilitates exploration of the molecular mechanisms of atherosclerosis.

A Case of ALK-Positive Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma of the Male Breast.

Background: Primary breast lymphoma (PBL) is a very rare form of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). A primary T-cell lymphoma in the breast with no previously identified lymphomatous lesions is an even rarer form of this malignancy. Case Presentation: A biopsy of a breast mass in a 60-year-old Caucasian man showed a morphologic-immunophenotypic profile with features characteristic of an ALK-positive (AKT+), anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis of fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue of this lesion was performed at our institution for IRF4/DUSP22 gene rearrangement. No rearrangement was detected. The patient presented with mutations in the following genes; BCOR_p.Q600X, DNMT3A_p.F609fs, NOTCH1_p.P2320fs, and IDH2_p.R140Q. However, the patient's consultation was complicated by the fact that he had been diagnosed with breast cancer at a local hospital and had come to our institution for further consultation. The histology findings were confirmed by immunohistochemistry and FISH. Computed tomography and positron emission tomography did not reveal nodules elsewhere in the body, which allowed the staging of the patient to be completed. However, although the patient had previously received the chemotherapy CCOP regimen (ie, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisolone acetate) he did not go into remission in a timely manner and relapsed after six months, followed by a drastic deterioration in his condition after four months, resulting in his death in less than one month. Conclusion: This report of a male patient describes a case of a rare T-cell lymphoma of the breast that occurs considerably more frequently in female patients. The differential diagnosis of the histology of this tumor showed mutations that occur more often in lymphoblastic lymphoma or leukemia. This rare malignancy and associated mutations led to the death of this patient during treatment.

Comprehensive binding analysis of glycated myosin with furan derivatives via glucose by means of multi-spectroscopy techniques and molecular docking simulation.

Myosin is an ideal binding receptor for aroma compounds and its functional properties are easily affected by glucose. The study comprehensively clarified the effects of glucose glycation-induced structural modifications of myosin on its binding ability with furan derivatives, including 2-methylfuran, 2-furfural, and 2-furfurylthiol. The results demonstrated that the binding levels of furan derivatives were obviously affected by the glycation levels of myosin due to the changes of myosin structure and surface. The increased glycation levels caused the unfolding of myosin structure and accelerated the aggregation, as were exhibited by the data of zeta potential, particle size, microstructure, and secondary structure. The glycated myosin with wrinkled surfaces favored the significant increase of hydrophobic interactions (31.59-69.50 µg), the more exposure of amino acid residues (3459-6048), the formation of free sulfhydryl groups (16.37-20.58 mmol/104g) and hydrogen bonds. These key (non)covalent linkages accounted for the generation of glycated myosin-odorants complex, including 2-furfurylthiol (29.17-47.87 %), thus enhancing the resultant binding ability as evidenced by the free furan derivatives concentrations, fluorescence quenching and molecular docking simulation analysis. The glycated myosin for 8 h bound highest concentrations of furan derivatives. The results will provide comprehensive data on the retention of aroma compounds in meat products.